Spectra-X

01 — Core Analytical Engines

Peak Deconvolution, Dynamic Background Subtraction & Fundamental Parameters

Sherman (1955) Primary & de Boer Secondary Matrix Intensity Inversion Polychromatic FP + Banach Solver

R_i(C) = G₀ ⋅ C_i ⋅ ω_i ⋅ r_i ⋅ ( S_i − 1 S_i ) ⋅

∫

E_max E_edge

τ_i(E) ⋅ I₀(E) ⋅ T_prim(E) μ(E) sin φ + μ(E_i) sin ψ dE ⋅ [ 1 + ∑_j δ_ij^sec(C) ]

Cu

Copper

Atomic Number Z = 29

Standard Atomic Weight (M_w)

63.5400 g/mol

Bulk Density (ρ)

8.9600 g/cm³

Electronic Configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s¹

Absorption Edges & Yields — Cu (Z = 29) xraylib v4.3.0 • 9 shells

Shell	Edge (eV)	Fluor. (ω)	Auger (α)	Cost.–Kron. (f)	Jump (J)	Width (Γ) (eV)	e⁻ Occ.
K	8978.9	0.4538	0.5462	—	7.560	1.49	2 e⁻
L1	1096.1	0.0016	0.1584	0.8400	1.133	5.50	2 e⁻
L2	951.0	0.0057	0.9663	0.0280	1.400	1.04	2 e⁻
L3	931.1	0.0110	0.9890	—	3.135	0.61	4 e⁻
M1	119.8	0.0000	1.0000	—	1.040	2.20	2 e⁻
M2	73.6	0.00002	0.99998	—	1.000	1.90	2 e⁻
M3	73.6	—	—	—	1.000	1.80	4 e⁻
M4	1.6	0.00245	0.99755	—	1.000	—	4 e⁻
M5	1.6	—	—	—	1.000	—	6 e⁻

Characteristic Emission Lines (IUPAC & Siegbahn) Scofield Radiative Rates

Siegbahn	IUPAC	Energy (eV)	Rel. Rate
Kα1	K-L3	8047.8	0.58283
Kα2	K-L2	8027.9	0.29913
Kβ1	K-M3	8905.3	0.07816
Kβ3	K-M2	8905.3	0.03989
Lα1	L3-M5	929.5	0.84463
Lα2	L3-M4	929.5	0.09542
Lβ1	L2-M4	949.4	0.94483
Lβ3	L1-M3	1022.5	0.63343
Lβ4	L1-M2	1022.5	0.34421
Ll	L3-M1	811.3	0.05847

Coster–Kronig Non-Radiative Intra-Shell Probabilities (f_ij) — Cu (Z = 29):

f₁₂ = 0.3000 f₁₃ = 0.5400 f₂₃ = 0.0280 f'₁₃ = 0.00003

02 — Elemental Imaging

Elemental Maps

Workspace Tools

03 — Software Suite

Primary Analytical Workspace

.spx / .pdz / .bcf / .xmso Peak Deconvolution Dynamic Background Subtraction Fundamental Parameters Elemental Imaging

Multi-Instrument Intercomparison

Live-Time Normalization FWHM & P/B Metrics MDL Evaluation

04 — Contact